Introduction:
Revitalizing the coolant in a transport refrigeration unit can significantly enhance its lifespan, particularly if it operates on Freon® HCFC-142b , R134a, R404A, R22 or other. This process allows for the utilization of stored or recycled refrigerant, prolonging the unit's functionality for several fruitful years before contemplating replacement. Before proceeding with the recharge, it is imperative to grasp the essential steps and considerations.
Step 1: Diagnose the Concern
Commence by troubleshooting the refrigeration unit. Instead of hastily attributing warmer temperatures to a refrigerant insufficiency, initiate the process by cleansing the cooling vents, defrosting the coils, and meticulously inspecting the refrigerant pipes for any leaks. It is advisable to exercise patience and allow at least two days for potential self-resolution of the issue.
Step 2: Determine Refrigerant Classification
Discern the precise type of refrigerant employed in your transport refrigeration unit. Post-2010, the majority of units transitioned to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) due to their capacity to withstand higher pressure demands. Verify the specific coolant by referring to the unit's labeling. Bear in mind that certain units initially designed for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) may have undergone conversion to accommodate hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).
Step 3: Assessing Freon Levels
a. Disconnect the unit and access its rear panel.
b. Identify the refrigerant pipe situated on the compressor tank, typically constructed of copper and often the most sizeable or insulated pipe. In case of uncertainty, consult the unit's manual.
c. Install a bullet-piercing valve near the compressor on the refrigerant line. This valve streamlines the process of gauging refrigerant levels and comprises two primary components.
d. Securely affix the bullet-piercing valve to the top bracket of the saddle valve, utilizing the provided fittings for a firm connection. Ensure the valve is tightly fastened to prevent any air or refrigerant leakage over time.
e. Unscrew the cap on the side of the bullet-piercing valve and attach the conversion valve.
f. Power on the transport refrigeration unit and allow approximately 15 seconds.
g. Attach an air compressor gauge specifically designed for Freon® systems to the conversion valve. This gauge facilitates the monitoring of both air and Freon pressure, akin to checking tire pressure. Ideally, the Freon pressure should read "0." If it exceeds "1," release excess air by briefly opening the valve and then reassess the system.
Step 4: Replenishing Freon
a. To procure Freon®, ensure possession of an EPA certification card, a prerequisite.
b. Determine the quantity and type of Freon needed for your unit based on its specifications and cross-reference it with the gauge's reading. The fill capacity details should be accessible inside the unit's door or on its rear.
c. Establish contact with an HVAC supplier or explore online sources for recycled refrigerant.
d. Connect the hose from the Freon® tank to the recharge hose on the previously installed bullet-piercing valve. Open the valve on the Freon® tank to commence the recharge process. Note that the replacement Freon tank may or may not be equipped with a gauge.
e. Once the transport refrigeration unit achieves the manufacturer's recommended coolant quantity, close the bullet-piercing valve and remove the adapter, while leaving the valve in place. Securely tighten the screw cap on the Freon tank.
f. Detach the hose from the adapter and unscrew the adapter from the line. Reattach the unit's rear panel.
Conclusion:
It is crucial to apprise transport refrigeration unit owners that the availability of recycled or stockpiled Freon® is diminishing. Encourage them to commence planning for the eventual replacement of their unit with a contemporary, energy-efficient, and environmentally-conscious model. When the opportune moment arises, offer your installation services to facilitate a seamless transition.
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